| тема |
Thomson
& Martinet |
L.G.Alexander |
R.Murphy |
Celcia
Murcia |
Martin
Hewings |
TOEFL
Debora Phillips |
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| 1. Articles and one, a
little/few, this, that |
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| a/an (the indefinite
article) |
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| use of a/an |
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| omission of a/an |
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| a/an and one |
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| a little/a few and little/few |
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| the (indefinite article) |
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| omission of the |
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| omission of the before home
etc |
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| this/these, that/those |
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| zero article |
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| 2. Nouns |
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| Kinds and function |
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| Gender |
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| Plurals |
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| Uncounable nouns |
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| Form of possesive case |
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| Use of possessive case
etc. |
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| Compound nouns |
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| 3. Adjectives |
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| Kinds of adjectives |
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| Position of adjectives |
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| Order of adjectives of
quality |
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| Comparison |
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| Constructions with
comparisons |
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| than/as + pronoun +auxiliary |
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| the + adjective |
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| Adjectives + one/ones
etc. |
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| many and much |
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| Adjectives + infinitives |
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| Adjectives + various
constructions |
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| 4. Adverbs |
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| Kinds of adverbs |
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| Form and use |
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| Formation of adverbs
with ly |
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| Adverbs and adjectives
with the same form |
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| Comparative and
superlative |
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| far, farther/farthest etc. |
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| much, more, most |
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| Constructions with
comparisons |
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| Position |
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| Adverbs of manner |
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| Adverbs of place |
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| Adverbs of time |
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| Adverbs of frequency |
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| Order of adverbs |
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| Sentence adverbs |
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| Adverbs of degree |
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| fairly, rather, quite,
hardly etc. |
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| fairly and rather |
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| quite |
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| hardly, scarcely, barely |
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| Inversion of the verb |
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| Inversion after certain
adverbs |
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| 5. all, each, every,
both, neither, either, some, any, no, none |
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| all, each, every,
everyne etc. |
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| both |
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| all/both/each + of etc. |
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| neither, either |
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| some, any, no and none |
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| someone, anyone, no one etc. |
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| else after someone/anybody etc. |
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| another, other etc. with one, some |
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| 6. Interrogatives: wh-? Words and how? |
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| Interrogative adjectives
and pronouns |
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| Affirmative verb after
who etc. |
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| who, whom, whose, which,
what |
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| who, whom, which and what as objects of
prepositions |
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| Uses of what |
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| which compared with who, what |
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| Interrogative adverbs:
why, when, where, how |
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| ever after who, what etc. |
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| Yes/no questions vs. Wh-questions |
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| 7. Possessives, personal
and reflexive pronouns: my, mine, I, myself etc. |
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| Possessive adjectives
and pronouns |
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| Agreement and use of
possessive adjectives |
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| Possessive pronouns
replacing possessive adjectives + nouns |
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| Personal pronouns |
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| Position of pronoun
objects |
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| Use of it |
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| Indefinite pronouns |
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| Use of they/them/their
with neither/either, someone etc. |
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| Reflexive pronouns |
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| Emphasizing pronouns |
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| 8. Relative pronouns and
clauses |
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| Defining relative
clauses |
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| Relative pronouns used
in defining clauses |
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| Defining clauses:
persons |
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| Defining clauses: things |
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| Cleft sentences |
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| Relative clause replaced
by infinitive or participle |
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| Non-defining relative
clauses |
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| Non-defining clauses:
persons |
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| all, both, few, most,
several etc.
+ of + whom/which |
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| Non-defining clauses:
things |
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| Connective relative
clauses |
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| what (relative pronoun) and which
(connective relative) |
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| Commas in relative
clauses |
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| whoever, whichever etc. |
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| 9. Prepositions |
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| Alternative position |
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| Omission of to and for before
indirect objects |
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| Use and omission of to
with verbs of communication |
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| Time and date: at, on,
by etc. |
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| Time: from, since, for
etc. |
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| Time: to, till/until,
after, afterwards (adverb) |
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| Travel and movement: from,
to, at, in, by, on, into etc. |
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| at, in, into, on, onto |
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| above, over, under etc. |
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| prepositions used with
adjectives and participles |
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| Verbs and prepositions |
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| Gerunds after
prepositions |
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| Prepositions/adverbs |
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| 10. Introduction to
verbs |
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| Classes of verbs |
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| Ordinary verbs |
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| Principal parts |
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| Active tenses |
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| Negatives of tenses |
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| Interrogative for
questions and requests |
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| Negative interrogative |
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| Auxiliary verbs |
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| Auxiliaries and modals |
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| Forms and patterns |
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| Use of auxiliaries in
short answers, agreements etc. |
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| In short answers |
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| Agreements and
disagreements |
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| Questions tags |
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| Comment tags |
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| Additions to remarks |
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| 11. be, have, do |
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| be as an auxiliary verb |
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| Form and use |
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| be + infinitive |
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| be as an ordinary verb |
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| be to denote existence, be
+ adjective |
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| there is/are/was/were etc. |
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| it is and there is compared |
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| have as an auxiliary verb |
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| Form and use |
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| have + object + past
participle |
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| had better + bare infinitive |
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| have + object + present
participle |
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| have as an ordinary verb |
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| have meaning 'possess' and
'suffer (from) pain/illness/disability' |
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| have meaning 'take', 'give' |
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| do |
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| Form |
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| do used as an auxiliary |
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| do used as an ordinary
verb |
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| 32. Conjunctions |
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| Co-ordinating
conjunctions |
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| besides, so, still, yet etc. |
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| Subordinating
conjunctions |
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| though/although, in
spite of, despite |
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| for and because |
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| when, while, as to express time |
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| as meaning when/while or because/since |
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| as, when, while used to mean although,
but, seeing that |
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| 33. Purpose |
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| Purpose expressed by
infinitive |
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| Infinitives after go and
come |
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| Clauses of purpose |
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| in case and lest |
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| 34. Clauses of reason,
result, concession, comparison, time |
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| Reason and result/cause |
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| Result with such/so…that |
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| Clauses of concession |
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| Clauses of comparison |
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| Time clauses |
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| 35. Noun clauses |
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| Noun clauses as subject |
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| that-clauses after certain
adjectives/participles |
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| that-clauses after nouns |
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| Noun clauses as objects |
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| so and not representin a that-clause |
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| 39.The sentence |
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| Sentence word order |
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| The simple sentence |
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| The compound sentence |
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| The complex sentence |
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